{"id":1288,"date":"2024-07-03T09:11:01","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T09:11:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecosistematica.org\/?p=1288"},"modified":"2024-07-03T09:11:03","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T09:11:03","slug":"broasca-raioasa-bruna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecosistematica.org\/index.php\/2024\/07\/03\/broasca-raioasa-bruna\/","title":{"rendered":"Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 (Bufo bufo)<\/em>, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 comun\u0103, este una dintre cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite specii de amfibieni din Rom\u00e2nia. Poate fi \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u00een locuri umede, prin livezi, p\u0103duri, culturi agricole, \u00een jurul a\u0219ez\u0103rilor omene\u0219ti (\u00een cr\u0103p\u0103turile zidurilor \u0219i \u00een pivni\u021be).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caracteristici fizice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Masculii au o lungime cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 6 \u0219i 8 cm, \u00een timp ce femelele sunt mai mari, ajung\u00e2nd la 8-13 cm. Greutatea lor variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 20 \u0219i 80 de grame, femelele fiind de obicei mai grele dec\u00e2t masculii. Pielea este aspr\u0103 \u0219i acoperit\u0103 cu numero\u0219i negi. Ochii sunt mari \u0219i proeminen\u021bi, cu pupile orizontale \u0219i iris de culoare ro\u0219u-auriu sau ro\u0219u-ar\u0103miu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 are o culoare variabil\u0103, de la maroniu, cenu\u0219iu, verde-m\u0103sliniu p\u00e2n\u0103 la galben-maro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"bufu
Ziua se ascunde sub pietre, bu\u0219teni sau \u00een alte locuri umbroase \u0219i umede<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Habitat \u0219i r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prefer\u0103 habitate variate, de la p\u0103duri, paji\u0219ti, gr\u0103dini, parcuri, p\u00e2n\u0103 la terenuri agricole \u0219i zone umede. Este o specie terestr\u0103, dar are nevoie de ap\u0103 pentru reproducere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een toat\u0103 Europa, inclusiv \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, de la zonele de c\u00e2mpie p\u00e2n\u0103 la altitudini montane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comportament \u0219i diet\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Este \u00een principal nocturn\u0103, devenind activ\u0103 la apus \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2n\u00e2nd activ\u0103 pe tot parcursul nop\u021bii. Ziua se ascunde sub pietre, bu\u0219teni sau \u00een alte locuri umbroase \u0219i umede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este carnivor\u0103. Se hr\u0103ne\u0219te cu o varietate de nevertebrate, cum ar fi insecte, viermi, melci \u0219i p\u0103ianjeni. Prinde prada cu ajutorul limbii sale lipicioase \u0219i rapide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"broasca
Femelele sunt de obicei mai grele dec\u00e2t masculii<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reproducere<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cemperecherea are loc prim\u0103vara, de obicei \u00eentre martie \u0219i aprilie, c\u00e2nd broa\u0219tele migreaz\u0103 spre locurile de reproducere (lacuri, b\u0103l\u021bi, r\u00e2uri cu ape calme).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Femelele depun p\u00e2n\u0103 la 4.000-6.000 de ou\u0103 \u00een \u0219iruri lungi \u00eenconjurate de un strat gelatinos transparent, care ofer\u0103 protec\u021bie \u0219i sus\u021binere \u00een ap\u0103, fiind ata\u0219ate de vegeta\u021bia acvatic\u0103. Ou\u0103le eclozeaz\u0103 \u00een mormoloci \u00een c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. Mormolocii trec printr-un proces de metamorfoz\u0103, transform\u00e2ndu-se \u00een broa\u0219te tinere \u00een c\u00e2teva luni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"broasca
Femelele depun ou\u0103 \u00een \u0219iruri lungi \u00eenconjurate de un strat gelatinos transparent<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Importan\u021ba ecologic\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prin consumul unei mari variet\u0103\u021bi de insecte \u0219i de alte nevertebrate, broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 joac\u0103 un rol important \u00een controlul popula\u021biilor de d\u0103un\u0103tori agricoli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fiind sensibil\u0103 la poluarea apei \u0219i la modific\u0103rile habitatului, broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 este un indicator al s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ecosistemelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Protec\u021bie \u0219i conservare<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i nu este considerat\u0103 o specie pe cale de dispari\u021bie, popula\u021biile locale pot fi afectate de pierderea habitatului, poluare, trafic rutier \u0219i schimb\u0103rile climatice. Protejarea habitatelor naturale, crearea de coridoare ecologice pentru migrarea \u00een siguran\u021b\u0103 \u0219i reducerea polu\u0103rii sunt m\u0103suri esen\u021biale pentru conservarea acestei specii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Curiozit\u0103\u021bi despre broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Respir\u0103 prin piele.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Poate s\u0103 ajung\u0103 s\u0103 se scufunde 25 de metri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Poate tr\u0103i p\u00e2n\u0103 la 10-12 ani \u00een s\u0103lb\u0103ticie, iar \u00een captivitate chiar mai mult.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • C\u00e2nd este amenin\u021bat\u0103, secret\u0103 o toxin\u0103 (bufotenin\u0103) din glandele parotide situate chiar \u00een spatele ochilor \u0219i din glandele tegumentare ale negilor pentru a se ap\u0103ra de du\u0219mani, substan\u021b\u0103 care irit\u0103 pielea \u0219i mucoasele pr\u0103d\u0103torilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u00ce\u0219i poate umfla corpul pentru a p\u0103rea mai mare \u0219i mai greu de \u00eenghi\u021bit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u00cen timpul sezonului de reproducere, broa\u0219tele r\u00e2ioase brune pot parcurge distan\u021be considerabile pentru a ajunge la locurile de \u00eemperechere, revenind adesea \u00een acelea\u0219i locuri an de an.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"bufo
    Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 este un indicator al s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ecosistemelor<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Concluzie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 este o specie comun\u0103, dar important\u0103, \u00een fauna Rom\u00e2niei. Prin rolul s\u0103u ecologic \u0219i capacitatea de a controla popula\u021biile de insecte d\u0103un\u0103toare, contribuie la men\u021binerea echilibrului natural. Conservarea habitatelor naturale \u0219i protejarea acestor amfibieni sunt esen\u021biale pentru p\u0103strarea biodiversit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ecosistemelor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 (Bufo bufo), cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 comun\u0103, este una dintre cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite specii de amfibieni din Rom\u00e2nia. Poate fi \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u00een locuri umede, prin livezi, p\u0103duri, culturi agricole, \u00een jurul a\u0219ez\u0103rilor omene\u0219ti (\u00een cr\u0103p\u0103turile zidurilor \u0219i \u00een pivni\u021be).\u00a0 Caracteristici fizice Masculii au o lungime cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 6 \u0219i 8 cm, \u00een timp ce femelele sunt mai mari, ajung\u00e2nd la 8-13 cm. Greutatea lor variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 20 \u0219i 80 de grame, femelele fiind de obicei mai grele dec\u00e2t masculii. Pielea este aspr\u0103 \u0219i acoperit\u0103 cu numero\u0219i negi. Ochii sunt mari \u0219i proeminen\u021bi, cu pupile… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1294,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,18],"tags":[21,48,97,19,15],"class_list":["post-1288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiversitate","category-zagan","tag-accidente-incidente-rutiere","tag-animale-salbatice-2","tag-broasca-raioasa-bruna","tag-bufo-bufo","tag-zagan"],"yoast_head":"\nBroasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Broasca r\u00e2ioas\u0103 brun\u0103 este o specie comun\u0103 \u00een fauna Rom\u00e2niei. 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